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single cell ATAC-seq

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single cell ATAC-seqÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ chromatin mapping

ºñ¿ë, 󸮷®, ¹Î°¨µµ µîÀÇ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÇöÁ¸ÇÏ´Â ±â¼ú·Î´Â ½ÇÇèÀÇ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î¸¦ °ËÁõÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÇÑ°è´Â À̸¦ ±Øº¹Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ±â¼ú ¹× ±â±âµéÀ» ºü¸£°Ô ¹ßÀü½ÃÄ×´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Ã¶ÇÐÀ¸·Î ¿ì¸®´Â single cell ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÇѰ踦 ¶Ù¾î³Ñ´Â °³¹æÀûÀÌ°í À¯¿¬ÇÑ Ç÷§ÆûÀÎ ICELL8 Single-Cell SystemÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.

À̹ø¿¡´Â Stanford University¿¡ Greenleaf labÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. Takara Bio USA, Inc.¿Í ÇÔ²² ±×µéÀº single cell ATAC-seqÀ» À§ÇÑ °£´ÜÇÏ°í high-throughputÀÎ workflow¸¦ °³¹ßÇß°í (single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin-seq (scATAC-seq)), ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î 4~5½Ã°£ ¸¸¿¡ 1,000°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ cell¿¡¼­ library¸¦ »ý¼ºÇß´Ù.

¡á Chromatin accessibility: a sequence of challenge
ChromatinÀº ¼­¿­ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±× ±¸Á¶ ¿ª½Ãµµ À¯ÀüÀÚ ¹ßÇöÀ» Á¶ÀýÇϴµ¥ ÀÖ¾î Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ChromatinÀÇ ¸®¸ðµ¨¸µÀº DNA¿Í °áÇÕ ´Ü¹éÁú ¹× Àü»çÀÎÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ DNAÀÇ Á¢±Ù¼ºÀ» ¹Ù²ã Àü»ç¸¦ ÃËÁøÇϰųª ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±âÁ¸¿¡ »ç¿ëÇØ ¿Ô´ø chromatin mapping ±â¼úÀº ³ôÀº ºñ¿ë, low-throughput, º¹ÀâÇÑ workflow µîÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ °Þ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹®Á¦Á¡µéÀº °°Àº Á¶Á÷À̳ª subtypeÀÌ´õ¶óµµ bulk cell°ú´Â ´Þ¸® ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ chromatin ÆÐÅÏÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â single cellÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì ´õ¿í ½ÉÇØÁø´Ù.

¡á A singular protocol: the new approach to map chromatin
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹®Á¦Á¡µéÀ» ±Øº¹Çϱâ À§ÇØ Greenleaf labÀº TakaraÀÇ ICELL8 Single-Cell SystemÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© high-throughput scATAC-seq protocol (±×¸² 1)À» °³¹ßÇß´Ù. ICELL8 Single-Cell System¿¡¼­ cellÀº ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î single cell·Î ºÐ¸®µÇ¾î ICELL8 350v Chip¿¡ 5,184°³ÀÇ nanowell¿¡ ºÐÁÖ ¹× À̹ÌÁöÈ­ µÈ´Ù. À̶§, CellSelect Software·Î live single cells (assayed by Hoechst and propidium iodide dyes)À» °¡Áø well ¸¸ÀÌ ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼±º°µÇ¾î, ÀÌÈÄ ¼±º°µÈ well¿¡¸¸ ½Ã¾àÀ» ºÐÁÖÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ½Ã¾à°ú ½Ã°£À» ¾Æ³¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Transposition, index addition, and PCR amplification (±×¸² 1, ÆгΠ2-5)ÀÇ °úÁ¤Àº ¸ðµÎ chip À§¿¡¼­ ÁøÇàµÇ¾î Á÷Á¢ Á¶ÀÛÇÏ´Â ´Ü°è¸¦ ÃÖ¼ÒÈ­ÇÏ¿© ½ÇÇè °£ÀÇ ÀçÇö¼ºÀ» ±Ø´ëÈ­Çß´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ PCR ampliconÀ» chip ¹Û¿¡¼­ poolingÇÏ¿© size selection bead·Î Á¤Á¦ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î sequencingÀ» À§ÇÑ library¸¦ ÁغñÇÏ¿´´Ù.


±×¸² 1. ICELL8 Single-Cell SystemÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ ATAC-Seq workflow °³¿ä
¼¼Æ÷µéÀº ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î chip À¸·Î ºÐÁÖ ¹× À̹ÌÁöÈ­ µÇ¾î live single cell well ¸¸ÀÌ ¼±º°µÇ°í (ÆгΠ1) Tn5 transposaseÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ transposition mix°¡ ¼±º°µÈ well¿¡ ºÐÁÖ µÇ¾î thermal cycling °úÁ¤À» °ÅÄ£´Ù (ÆгΠ2). À̶§ °áÇÕÇØ ÀÖ´Â transposase¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϱâ À§ÇÑ high-EDTA¿Í ÇÔ²² index 1 ÀÌ ºÐÁÖ µÇ°í, ÀÌÈÄ EDTA¸¦ ºÒÈ°¼ºÈ­ ½ÃÅ°±â À§ÇØ high-MgCl2¿Í ÇÔ²² index 2 °¡ ºÐÁֵȴ٠(ÆгΠ3-4). ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î chip¿¡¼­ ¼±º°µÈ wellÀÌ PCR µÇ´Â ¼ø¼­·Î ½ÇÇèÀÌ ÁøÇàµÈ´Ù (ÆгΠ5). Figure by Anja Mezger et. al., used under CC BY 4.0.

¡á It pays to innovate: chromatin profiles reveal distinct cell types
monocytes, B cells, T cells°ú °°Àº peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)´Â ±â´ÉÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¾çÇÑ Ç÷¾× ¼¼Æ÷ÀÌ´Ù. Greenleaf labÀº ¼¼¸íÀÇ °³º° ±âÁõÀڷκÎÅÍ ¹ÞÀº Ç÷¾×À¸·Î ±×µéÀÇ scATAC-seq protocolÀ» »ç¿ëÇØ single PBMCÀÇ chromatin profileÀ» ºÐ¼®Çß´Ù. ³î¶ø°Ôµµ transcription factor start sitesÀÇ chromatin accessibility patternÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °á°ú monocyte, B-cell °ú T-cellÀ» ¶Ñ·ÇÇÏ°Ô cluster·Î ±×·ìÈ­Çß´Ù (±×¸² 2). À̸¦ ÅëÇØ º¹ÀâÇÑ »ùÇà ¾È¿¡¼­µµ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é »õ·Î¿î À¯ÇüÀÇ cluster¸¦ ±×·ìÈ­ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡À» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.


±×¸² 2. PBMCÀÇ scATAC-seqÀº chromatin accessibility patternÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î clusteringÇϴµ¥ ¶Ù¾î³­ ¼º´ÉÀ» º¸ÀδÙ.
¸ðµç ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ÀÇ Chromatin accessibility (ÆгΠA), PU. 1 (ÆгΠB), C/EBP¥á (ÆгΠC), RUNX1 (ÆгΠD)Àº monocytes, B-cell, T-cell¿¡¼­ °³º°ÀûÀÎ cluster¸¦ º¸ÀδÙ. Figure by Anja Mezger et. al., used under CC BY 4.0.

¡á ICELL8ing innovation: who's next?
TakaraÀÇ ICELL8 Single-Cell SystemÀº ´Ù¾çÇÑ assayÀÇ °³¹ß ¹× ÃÖÀûÈ­¸¦ À§ÇÑ °³¹æÀûÀÌ°í À¯¿¬ÇÑ Ç÷§ÆûÀ» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. À̹ø¿¡´Â Stanford UniversityÀÇ Greenleaf lab¿¡¼­ ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» È°¿ëÇÏ¿© high-throughputÀÇ ½Å¼ÓÇÑ scATAC-seq protocolÀ» °³¹ßÇß´ÂÁö¸¦ »ìÆ캸¾Ò´Ù. ¹Ý¸é seminal article (Learning Center)À» º¸¸é ´Ù¸¥ ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀÌ ICELL8 ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¾î¶»°Ô »õ·Î¿î single-cell CUT&Tag technology¸¦ °³¹ßÇß´ÂÁö¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

¡á Reference
Mezger, A. et al. High-throughput chromatin accessibility profiling at single-cell resolution. Nat. Commun. 9, 3647 (2018).

¡á ¿ø¹®
Accelerating chromatin mapping with single-cell ATAC-seq (takarabio.com)