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Home > ÀüÁ¦Ç°º¸±â > PCR > Overview > [Cancer Research] HLA typing

[Cancer Research] HLA typing

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Cellartis human iPS cell-derived beta cells for diabetes drug discovery and disease modeling

´ÙÄ«¶ó¹ÙÀÌ¿À´Â ´ç´¢º´ ¹× ´ë»ç ÁõÈıº ¿¬±¸ ¸ðµ¨°ú ½Å¾à °³¹ßÀ» À§ÇÑ hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cellÀÇ Àû¿ë¼ºÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù.

Introduction
´ç´¢³ª ´Ù¸¥ ´ë»ç ÁõÈıºÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Á¤È®ÇÏ°í ÀçÇö °¡´ÉÇÑ Áúº´ ¸ðµ¨ÀÇ Á¦ÀÛÀº ¾î·Á¿òÀ¸·Î ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Ù. ÇöÀç±îÁö´Â Àν¶¸°À» »ý»êÇÏ´Â beta cellÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇϴ ȣ¸£¸ó »ý»ê ¼¼Æ÷ ±ºÁýÀÎ ÃéÀåÀÇ ¶û°Ô¸£Çѽº¼¶ (primary pancreatic islets of Langerhans)À» gold standard·Î »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ ÀÌ Primary cellÀº »ùÇÃÀ» È®º¸ÇϱⰡ ¾î·Æ°í ºñ¿ëÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ¼Ò¿äµÉ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, À¯·¡ÇÑ donorÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû Â÷ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇØ ½ÇÇè °á°ú¿¡ º¯µ¿ÀÌ »ý±æ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. À̸¦ ´ëüÇϱâ À§ÇØ ´ÜÀÏ ±âÁõÀÚ¿¡¼­ À¯·¡ÇÑ hiPSC·ÎºÎÅÍ ºÐÈ­ÇÑ beta cellÀÌ ½Å¾à °³¹ßÀ» À§ÇÑ È¿°úÀûÀÎ ½ºÅ©¸®´×°ú insulin »ý»ê ¹× ºÐºñ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ý¸®ÇÐÀû ½ÇÇè ¸ðµ¨·Î »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÏ°üÀûÀÌ°í ½Å·Úµµ ³ôÀº Beta cell °ø±ÞÀ» À§ÇØ, ´ÙÄ«¶ó¹ÙÀÌ¿À´Â ÃéÀå ¹ß´Þ °úÁ¤À» ¸ð¹æÇÏ´Â ¹è¾ç Á¶°ÇÀ» ÃÖÀûÈ­ÇÑ 4 stepÀÇ Ç¥ÁØ ºÐÈ­ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ¿´´Ù (±×¸² 1). hiPSC´Â ¸ÕÀú ³»¹è¿± ¼¼Æ÷ (definitive endoderm cell)·Î ºÐÈ­µÇ°í, ÀÌÈÄ pancreatic endoderm, endocrine progenitor cell ´Ü°è¸¦ °ÅÃÄ ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼º¼÷ÇÑ beta cell·Î ºÐÈ­°¡ ¿Ï·áµÈ´Ù.


±×¸² 1. hiPSCÀÇ beta cell ºÐÈ­ °úÁ¤
Our differentiation strategy is based on a four-step protocol that resembles normal embryonic development of beta cells. hiPS cells are first differentiated into Sox17-positive definitive endoderm. Following endodermal commitment, the cells are further differentiated into Pdx1/Nkx6.1 double-positive pancreatic endoderm. Next, differentiation continues into endocrine progenitor cells, which are Ngn3/Nkx2.2 double-positive. Finally, the progenitors mature into terminally differentiated beta cells that are double positive for C-peptide and MafA. Abbreviations: Sox17 = SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 17; Pdx1 = pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1; Nkx6.1 = NK6 homeobox 1; Ngn3 = Neurogenin 3; Nkx2.2 = NK2 homeobox 2; C-peptide = Connecting peptide; and MafA = MAF BZIP Transcription Factor A.

´ÙÄ«¶ó¹ÙÀÌ¿À´Â ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ Donor·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾òÀº hiPSC (ChiPSC12, ChiPSC22)·ÎºÎÅÍ ºÐÈ­µÈ ÃÑ µÎ Á¾ÀÇ hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cellÀ» ÆǸÅÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Á¦Ç°Àº ¼¼Æ÷¿Í coating substrate, basal media, supplement¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ all-in-one ÇüÅ·ΠÁ¦°øµÈ´Ù.
Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ »ý»êÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ Cellartis¢ç beta cellÀº ¼º¼÷ÇÑ beta cell¿¡¼­ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â Ư¡À» °¡Áú »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, lot¿¡ µû¸¥ Â÷À̸¦ ÃÖ¼ÒÈ­ ÇÏ¿´°í, °³ÀÎ °£ÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÏ´Â ±â´É Æò°¡°¡ °¡´ÉÇϱ⿡ ½ÇÇè¿¡ ³ôÀº ½Å·Ú¼ºÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÑ´Ù. ´ç´¢º´ ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº Donor HLA type¿¡ µû¸¥ º¯À̸¦ ¿¬±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¿ªÇÐ ¿¬±¸¿¡ µû¸£¸é HLA-A*02:01À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â class ¥° ´ë¸³ À¯ÀüÀÚ°¡ 1Çü ´ç´¢º´¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¨¼ö¼ºÀ» Áõ°¡½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù (Marron et al. 2002). C12¿Í C22ÀÇ HLA typeÀº Ç¥ 1¿¡¼­ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

Cellartis hiPS Beta Cells (from ChiPSC12)

Cellartis hiPS Beta Cells (from ChiPSC22)

HLA-A*01:01

HLA-A*02:01

HLA-B*08:01, HLA-B*37:01

HLA-B*07:02, HLA-B*40:01

HLA-C*06:02, HLA-C*07:01

HLA-C*03:04, HLA-C*07:02

HLA-DRB1*03:01, HLA-DRB1*11:04

HLA-DRB1*13:02, HLA-DRB1*14:01

HLA-DQB1*02:01, HLA-DQB1*03:01

HLA-DQB1*05:03, HLA-DQB1*06:04

HLA-DPB1*01:01, HLA-DPB1*04:01

HLA-DPB1*03:01, HLA-DPB1*04:01


Ç¥ 1. ChiPSC12¿Í ChiPSC22ÀÇ donor ¹× HLA type Á¤º¸
The beta cells originate from donors with different HLA types. ChiPSC12 was sourced from skin fibroblasts from a healthy 24-year-old European/North African male volunteer (76 kg/177 cm). ChiPSC22 was sourced from skin fibroblasts from a healthy 32-year-old European/North African male volunteer (74 kg/179 cm) with a diabetes-susceptible HLA type, HLA-A*02:01.

hiPS cell-derived beta cells express beta-cell-specific genes
´ÙÄ«¶ó¹ÙÀÌ¿À´Â ¼º¼÷ÇÑ Beta cell¿¡¼­ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø mRNA Àü»çü°¡ hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cell¿¡¼­ ¹ßÇöÇÏ´Â Áö ¸ÕÀú ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cell¿¡¼­ ¸ðµç Àü»çü°¡ È®ÀεǾúÀ¸¸ç, ¹ßÇö ¼öÁØÀ» primary ¶û°Ô¸£Çѽº¼¶ (islet of Langerhans)°ú ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´´Ù (±×¸² 2). ƯÈ÷, °¢ DonorÀÇ hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cellÀÇ ¸ðµç lot¿¡¼­ À¯»çÇÑ ¼öÁØÀÇ mRNA ¹ßÇöÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´°í, lot °£ÀÇ ³ôÀº ÀçÇö¼ºÀ» ÀÔÁõÇÏ¿´´Ù.


±×¸² 2. hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cell¿¡¼­ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä mRNA ¹ßÇö
mRNA expression analysis, as quantified by RNA-seq, was performed on Cellartis beta cells from C12 and C22 on Day 14 post-thawing (n = 3 batches per cell line) and on primary islets (n = 5 donors). Data are presented as the mean values ¡¾ SEM.
*PDX1 = pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1; GCK = glucokinase; SLC2A1, SLC2A3 = Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1 and 3; MAFB = MAF BZIP Transcription Factor B; NKX2.2 = NK2 homeobox 2; NKX6.1 = NK6 homeobox 1; and NEUROD1 = Neurogenic differentiation 1.

hiPS cell-derived beta cells synthesize insulin
Beta cellÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ±â´ÉÀº insulinÀ» ÇÕ¼ºÇÏ°í ºÐºñÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î, insulin ÇÕ¼º °úÁ¤À» »ìÆ캸¸é proinsulinÀÌ C-peptide ºÐÀÚ Çϳª¿Í insulin ºÐÀÚ Çϳª, Áï 1:1·Î ³ª´µ¾î Áø´Ù (Ashby & Frier 1981; Horwitz et al. 1975). µû¶ó¼­, C-peptide¿Í insulinÀÇ µ¿½Ã ¹ßÇöÀÌ insulin »ý»ê ´É·ÂÀÇ Æò°¡ ÁöÇ¥·Î Æò°¡µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸² 3¿¡¼­ C12¿Í C22 À¯·¡ beta cell ¸ðµÎ¿¡¼­ C-peptide¿Í Àν¶¸°ÀÇ ¹ßÇöÀÌ ³ôÀº »ó°ü°ü°è¸¦ º¸ÀÓÀ¸·Î½á, ¼¼Æ÷°¡ insulin »ý»ê ´É·ÂÀ» °®Ãß¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


±×¸² 3. hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cell¿¡¼­ÀÇ insulin ÇÕ¼º
Staining for C-peptide and insulin was performed by immunofluorescence on Cellartis beta cells at Day 14 post-thawing. Colocalization of insulin and C-peptide indicates intracellular insulin synthesis. Scale bar = 100 §­.

hiPS cell-derived beta cells express key markers of mature beta cells
¸î¸î Àü»ç ÀÎÀÚµéÀº Beta cellÀÇ ¹ß´Þ, Áõ½Ä, ±â´É¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çϸç, ¼º¼÷ÇÑ beta cellÀº Pdx1, Nkx6.1, Àν¶¸°À» ¹ßÇöÇÑ´Ù. Pdx1Àº beta cellÀÇ ¼ö¸íÀ» Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â ¿ªÇÒ·Î, beta cellÀÌ ¹ßÇöÇÏ´Â À¯ÀüÀÚ¸¦ È°¼ºÈ­ ÇÏ°í alpha cell¿¡¼­ ¹ßÇöÇÏ´Â À¯ÀüÀÚ¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ´Ù (Gao et al. 2014). ¹Ý¸é Nkx6.1ÀÌ °áÇÌµÈ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ °æ¿ì delta cellÀÇ ºÐÀÚÀû Ư¼ºÀ» º¸Àδ٠(Taylor, Liu, and Sander 2013).
MafA´Â ¼º¼÷ÇÑ beta cell marker·Î½á, ºÐÈ­ °úÁ¤¿¡¼­´Â ¹ßÇöµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Æ ´Ù¸¥ Àü»ç ÀÎÀÚ¿Í È®¿¬È÷ ±¸ºÐµÈ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Insulin°ú Nkx6.1ÀÌ µ¿½Ã ¹ßÇöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¼º¼÷ÇÑ hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cell¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù (Ma et al. 2018; Pagliuca et al. 2014; Rezania et al. 2014). ±×¸² 4¿¡¼­´Â Cellartis¢ç beta cell¿¡¼­ insulin°ú C-peptide¿Í ÇÔ²² ÁÖ¿ä beta cell markerÀÎ Nkx6.1, Pdx1, MafA°¡ ¹ßÇöµÊÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


±×¸² 4. hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cell¿¡¼­ È®ÀÎÇÑ key beta cell proteinÀÇ µ¿½Ã ¹ßÇö
Staining for insulin and Nkx6.1 (Panel A), insulin and Pdx1 (Panel B), and C-peptide and MafA (Panel C) was performed on beta cells on Day 14 post-thawing. Scale bar = 100 §­.

»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, flow cytometryÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© insulin°ú Nkx6.1¸¦ µ¿½Ã ¹ßÇöÇÏ´Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Á¤·® ºÐ¼® °á°ú¸¦ ±×¸² 5¿¡¼­ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ insulin°ú Nkx6.1À» µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¹ßÇöÇÏ´Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ °æ¿ì, C12°ú C22¿¡¼­ ±× ºñÀ²ÀÌ ´Ù¸£°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸¸ç, À̸¦ ÅëÇØ HLA type¿¡ µû¶ó ÀϺΠÀ¯ÀüÀÚ ¹ßÇö¿¡ Â÷À̸¦ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


±×¸² 5. Insulin°ú Nkx6.1À» µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¹ßÇöÇÏ´Â hiPSC À¯·¡ beta cellÀÇ Á¤·® ºÐ¼®
Staining for insulin and Nkx6.1 was performed on beta cells from C12 or C22 on Day 14 post-thawing and analyzed by flow cytometry (FC). FC plots are shown for the analysis of one batch of beta cells from C22, with ~33% insulin/Nkx6.1 double-positive cells (Panel A) and ~56% insulin-positive cells (Panels A and B). Percentages of cells expressing insulin and coexpressing insulin/Nkx6.1 are shown for beta cells derived from C12 and C22, respectively (Panel C). Data are presented as mean values ¡¾ SEM (n = 3 batches from each cell line).

Code

Á¦Ç°¸í

¿ë·®

Y10100

Cellartis¢ç hiPS Beta Cells (from ChiPSC12) Kit

1 Kit

Y10106

Cellartis¢ç hiPS Beta Cells (from ChiPSC22) Kit

1 Kit



[¿ø¹®] Cellartis human iPS cell-derived beta cells for diabetes drug discovery and disease modeling
[Âü°í¹®Çå]
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