Single cancer cell analysis
Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ À¯ÀüÀû º¯È´Â °Ô³ðÀÇ ÀϺΠȤÀº À¯ÀüÀÚ°¡ °á½Ç, ÀüÀ§, ÁõÆøµÇ´Â ±¸Á¶Àû ÀÌÀ¯Àϼöµµ ÀÖ°í, µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº DNA ¼¿ ÀÚüÀÇ ¿µÇâÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µ¹¿¬º¯À̸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â °³Ã¼°¡ ¸¹¾ÆÁö¸é¼
¾ÏÀÌ ÁøÇàµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Á¾¾ç DNAÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ¸·Î ¼ö¸¹Àº ¾Ç¼º º¯ÀÌ°¡ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù NGS ±â¼úÀÌ ¹ßÀüµÇ¸ç, ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ »ý¼º°ú °èÅë ¹ß»ý, ÀÌÁú¼º (heterogeneity), Ç×¾Ï Ä¡·áÀÇ ¿µÇâ ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ µî
DNA µ¹¿¬º¯À̸¦ ü°èÀûÀ¸·Î ºÐ¼®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù (Van Loo and Voet, 2014). Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â º¹À⼺ (Complexity)°ú ÀÌÁú¼º (Heterogeneity)Àº Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ (cancer cell), Áö¼Ó¼º ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷ (Cancer persister cells),
¼øȯÁ¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ (Circulating Tumor Cell; CTC)¸¦ ´ÜÀϼ¼Æ÷ ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ Çؼ®ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ºÐ¼® °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.
Áö¼Ó¼º ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷³ª CTC¿Í °°Àº ¾ò±â Èûµç »ùÇÿ¡¼ ´ÜÀÏÁ¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ¿¬±¸Çϱâ À§Çؼ´Â, ´ÜÀÏÁ¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ ³» RNA Àü»çü º¯À̸¦ Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô °ËÃâÇÏ¿© Á¤·®È ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ¹Î°¨ÇÏ°í ÀçÇö¼º ³ôÀº ºÐ¼® ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
À̸¦ ÅëÇØ Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ º¹À⼺À» È®ÀÎÇÏ°í, ±Ã±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ¸ÂÃãÇü Ç×¾Ï Ä¡·áÁ¦ÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡ È°¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´ÙÄ«¶ó¹ÙÀÌ¿À¿¡¼´Â µ¶ÀÚÀûÀÎ SMARTer
¢ç ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ´ÜÀϼ¼Æ÷ ¼öÁØÀÇ ¿°±â¼¿ ºÐ¼®À» À§ÇÑ Á¦Ç°À» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.
Highlighted products - Single-cell genome sequencing
PicoPLEX¢ç ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ
PicoPLEX¢ç Gold Single Cell DNA-seq Kit´Â ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ whole genome amplification (WGA)¸¦
À§ÇÑ Á¦Ç°À¸·Î, quasi-random primingÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ Illumina
¢ç Ç÷§Æû¿¡¼ sequencing °¡´ÉÇÑ library¸¦ ÀçÇö¼º ³ô°Ô Á¦ÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î, PicoPLEX
¢ç ±â¼úÀº À¯ÀüÀÚº¹Á¦º¯ÀÌ (copy number variation ,CNV),
¿°»öü À̼ö¼º (Chromosomal aneuploidies), ´ÜÀÏ ¿°±â ġȯ (single nucleotide variation, SNV) µîÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© Á¾¾ç ¿¬±¸¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â °Ô³ðÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ºÐ¼®¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù (±×¸² 1). º» ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© FFPE Á¶Á÷,
CTC¿¡¼ ÃßÃâÇÑ ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ °Ô³ðÀ̳ª CNVÀÇ ºÐ¼® ½Ã ³ôÀº ¼º´ÉÀ» È®ÀÎÇÑ ³í¹®ÀÌ ´Ù¼ö ÃâÆǵǰí ÀÖÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Genome & Transcriptome-seq (G&T-seq)ÀÇ Çʼö ±¸¼º ¿ä¼Ò·Î ²ÅÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù
(Babayan
et al. 2017, Cayrefourcq
et al. 2015, Lieselot
et al. 2017, Macaulay
et al. 2015, Morrow
et al. 2016, Premasekharan
et al. 2016, Williamson
et al. 2016).
±×¸² 1. PicoPLEX¢ç Gold Single Cell DNA-seq KitÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ µÎ °³ÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ CNV °ËÃâ
Log2 ratio of the total number of reads in 50-kb bins from single NCI-H929 cells, shown as one cell in Panel A and a second cell in Panel B. Red bars represent copy-number gains while blue bars represent losses. The top row of the graphs in each panel depicts the control bulk sample sequenced to a depth of 90 million read pairs. The highly reproducible coverage of the PicoPLEX
¢ç Gold kit enables the accurate detection of structural variants as small as 100 kb, even at shallow sequencing depths (2.5-8.5 million read pairs).
´ÙÄ«¶ó¹ÙÀÌ¿À´Â SMART-Seq
¢ç ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ full-length mRNA ¼¿À» ºÐ¼®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â NGS Á¦Ç°À» Á¦°øÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ mRNA-seq ºÐ¼® ¿¬±¸¿¡ ¾ÕÀå¼°í ÀÖ´Ù. 4¼¼´ëÀÎ
SMART-Seq¢ç v4 PLUS Kit¿Í À̸¦ ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î ´ë·® ºÐ¼®¿¡ ÃÖÀûȵǾî ÀÖ´Â
SMART-Seq¢ç HT Kit¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¸é ´ÜÀϼ¼Æ÷ ¼öÁØÀÇ ±Ø¼Ò·® »ùÇðú RNA·ÎºÎÅÍ °¡Àå ³ôÀº ¹Î°¨µµ·Î mRNA-seq ºÐ¼®À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ Á¦Ç°µéÀº oligo(dT) primer¿Í SMART (Switching Mechanism at 5' end of RNA Template) ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© full-length mRNA¸¦ ÆíÇ⼺ ¾øÀÌ ºÐ¼®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, intact »óÅÂÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ¹Ù·Î »ùÇ÷ΠÀû¿ëÇÏ¿´À» ¶§µµ °íÇ°Áú·Î cDNA¸¦ ÇÕ¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. º» SMART-Seq
¢ç v4 ±â¼úÀº ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ´ë·®À¸·Î ºÐ¼®Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÀÚµ¿È ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÎ
Apollo¢â Library Prep System°ú
ICELL8¢ç Single-Cell System¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¹Àº ³í¹®¿¡¼ ÀÌ SMART-Seq
¢ç ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ RNA-seqÀ» äÅÃÇÏ¿© Á¾¾ç ¼¼Æ÷³ª Á¾¾ç ħÀ± ¸é¿ª ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ÀÇ °Ô³ð, Àü»çü¸¦ sequencing ÇÏ¿© ºÐ¼®Çϰųª, ¾Ï Áٱ⼼Æ÷ÀÇ ÀÌÁú¼ºÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ°í, ¾àÁ¦ ³»¼ºÀ» °¡Áö´Â Á¾¾ç ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ½Äº°ÇÏ´Â µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ Á¾¾ç ¼¼Æ÷ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÁøÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù (Chung
et al. 2017, Chiu
et al. 2018, Han
et al. 2018, Kim
et al. 2015, and Zheng
et al. 2018).
SMART-Seq Stranded Kit´Â
SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-Seq Kit v2 - Pico Input Mammalian KitÀÇ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ Æ¯Â¡°ú SMART-Seq
¢ç v4 ±â¼úÀ» °áÇÕÇÏ¿© ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ Illumina
¢ç¿¡ ȣȯ °¡´ÉÇÑ stranded sequencing library¸¦ Á¦ÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï °³¹ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ´Â Á¾¾ç FFPE Á¶Á÷°ú °°ÀÌ ¸Å¿ì Ç°ÁúÀÌ ³·Àº pg ¼öÁØÀÇ total RNA·ÎºÎÅÍ library¸¦ Á¦ÀÛÇϴµ¥ ÃÖÀûÀÇ ¼Ö·ç¼ÇÀÌ´Ù.
[¿ø¹®] Single cancer cell analysis
[Âü°í¹®Çå]
- Babayan, A.
et al. Comparative study of whole genome amplification and next-generation sequencing performance of single cancer cells.
Oncotarget 8, 56066-56080 (2017).
- Cayrefourcq, L.
et al. Establishment and Characterization of a Cell Line from Human Circulating Colon Cancer Cells.
Cancer Res. 75, 892-901 (2015).
- Chiu, H. S.
et al. Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor Context.
Cell Rep. 23, 297-312 (2018).
- Chung, W.
et al. Single-cell RNA-seq enables comprehensive tumour and immune cell profiling in primary breast cancer.
Nature Comm. 8, 15081 (2017).
- Han, K. Y.
et al. SIDR: simultaneous isolation and parallel sequencing of genomic DNA and total RNA from single cells.
Genome Res. 28, 75-87 (2018).
- Kim, K. T.
et al. Single-cell mRNA sequencing identifies subclonal heterogeneity in anti-cancer drug responses of lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Genome Biol. 16, 127 (2015).
- Lieselot, D.
et al. Performance of four modern whole genome amplification methods for copy number variant detection in single cells.
Sci. Rep. 7, 3422 (2017).
- Macaulay, I. C.
et al. G&T-seq: parallel sequencing of single-cell genomes and transcriptomes.
Nature Methods 12, 519-522 (2015).
- Morrow, C. J.
et al. Tumourigenic non-small-cell lung cancer mesenchymal circulating tumour cells: a clinical case study.
Ann. Oncol. 27, 1155-1160 (2016).
- Premasekharan, G.
et al. An improved CTC isolation scheme for pairing with downstream genomics: Demonstrating clinical utility in metastatic prostate, lung and pancreatic cancer.
Cancer Letters 380, 144-152 (2016).
- Van Loo, P. & Voet, T. Single-cell analysis of cancer genomes. Current Opinion in
Genetics & Development 24, 82-91 (2014).
- Williamson, S. C.
et al. Vasculogenic mimicry in small cell lung cancer.
Nature Comm. 7, 13322 (2016).
- Zheng, H.
et al. Single-cell analysis reveals cancer stem cell heterogeneity in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Hepatology doi: 10.1002/hep.29778 (2018).
- Zhu, S.
et al. Advances in single-cell RNA sequencing and its applications in cancer research.
Oncotarget 16, 53763-53779 (2017).